中文
Oil is the blood that drives economic development. In the past 10 years, 60% of newly discovered oil and gas fields are located offshore. It is estimated that 40% of global oil and gas reserves will be concentrated in deep sea areas in the future. With the gradual development of offshore oil and gas to the deep sea and far sea, the cost and risk of laying long-distance oil and gas return pipelines are getting higher and higher. The most effective way to solve this problem is to build oil and gas processing plants in the sea -FPSO
1.What is FPSO
(1)Concept
FPSO (Floating Production Storage and Offloading) is an offshore floating production storage and offloading unit device integrating production, oil storage and offloading.
(2)Structure
FPSO consists of two parts: the topsides structure and the hull
The upper block completes the processing of crude oil, while the hull is responsible for storing qualified crude oil.
(3) Classification
According to different mooring methods, FPSO can be divided into: Multi Point Mooring and Single Point Mooring（SPM）
2. Characteristics of FPSO
(1)FPSO receives oil, gas, water and other mixtures from Submarine oil wells through Submarine oil pipeline, and then the mixture is processed into qualified crude oil and natural gas. Qualified products are stored in the cabin, and after reaching a certain amount, they are transported to land by shuttle tanker through the crude oil transport system.
(2) Advantages of the development plan combining "FPSO+production platform /subsea production system+shuttle tanker":
●The ability to store oil, gas, water, production and processing and crude oil is relatively strong
●Excellent maneuverability for fast movement
●Applicable to both shallow and deep seas, with strong wind and wave resistance
●Flexible application, not only can be used in conjunction with offshore platforms, but can also be used in combination with underwater production systems
3.Fixed scheme for FPSO
At present, the mooring methods of FPSO are divided into two categories: Multi Point Mooring and Single Point Mooring（SPM）
The multi-point mooring system fixes the FPSO with hawsers through multiple fixed points, which can prevent the lateral movement of the FPSO. This method is more suitable for sea areas with better sea conditions.
The single-point mooring（SPM）system is to fix the FPSO at a single mooring point on the sea. Under the action of wind, waves and currents, the FPSO will rotate 360° around the single-point mooring（SPM）, which greatly reduces the impact of the current on the hull. At present, the single-point mooring（SPM）method is widely used.
Date: 03 Mar 2023